Description: Vulvovaginitis is an inflammation of the vulva and vagina caused by various pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses, as well as non-infectious irritants like soaps, shower gels, or perfumes. It is one of the most common gynecological conditions, affecting women of all ages. The treatment for vulvovaginitis depends on the cause of the…
Description: Vaginal rejuvenation includes a range of non-surgical and surgical procedures aimed at improving the structure and function of the vagina. These treatments are commonly sought by women who experience stretching, dryness, or other discomforts in the vaginal area due to childbirth, aging, or hormonal changes. Vaginal rejuvenation can help restore vaginal tightness, improve lubrication,…
Description: Urogynecological surgery is a specialized field of medicine focused on diagnosing and surgically treating disorders and dysfunctions of the female pelvic floor. This type of surgery addresses issues such as urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse (prolapse of the bladder, uterus, or rectum), bladder dysfunction, and other related conditions. Urogynecological surgeons use a variety of…
Description: Prenatal care and monitoring involve a range of medical and supportive measures aimed at monitoring and promoting the health of the mother and baby during pregnancy. Care typically begins from the time pregnancy is confirmed and continues until delivery. It includes regular medical check-ups, prenatal screenings, nutritional counseling, vaccinations, and psychosocial support. Comprehensive prenatal…
Description: Prenatal diagnostics and ultrasound examinations are essential components of prenatal care. These procedures aim to monitor the health and development of the fetus during pregnancy and detect potential genetic or structural anomalies early. Prenatal diagnostics include a variety of tests to identify genetic disorders and chromosomal abnormalities, while ultrasound examinations provide real-time visualization of…
Description: The Pap smear and HPV test are two essential gynecological exams that help in the early detection of cervical cancer and other cervical abnormalities. The Pap smear (Papanicolaou test) examines cells from the cervix for signs of dysplasia or precancerous changes, which may be caused by an infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) or…
Description: Myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids (also known as uterine fibroids), which are benign tumors made of muscle and connective tissue that grow in or on the uterus. Fibroids can vary in size and can be located in different areas of the uterus, including within the uterine muscle (intramural), on the outer…
Description: Menopause management encompasses a range of medical, lifestyle, and supportive measures aimed at helping women cope with the symptoms and health changes associated with menopause. Menopause marks the end of a woman’s reproductive phase and typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55. It is characterized by the permanent cessation of menstruation for…
Description: Mammography is an imaging technique used for the early detection of breast cancer and the examination of breast tissue. It uses X-rays to create detailed images of the breast, known as mammograms. These images help doctors detect changes or abnormalities in breast tissue that may indicate breast cancer or other benign conditions. Mammography is…
Description: Correction of uterine anomalies involves various surgical and minimally invasive procedures aimed at treating structural abnormalities of the uterus. These anomalies can be congenital, such as a double or bicornuate uterus (uterus didelphys or uterus bicornis), or they can result from acquired conditions such as fibroids, adhesions, or scar tissue (Asherman’s syndrome). These anomalies…
Description: A Cesarean section, also known as a C-section, is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through an incision made in the mother’s abdominal wall and uterus. This procedure is performed either as a planned (elective) surgery or as an emergency measure when vaginal delivery is not safe due to medical reasons or…
Description: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a fertility treatment in which prepared and concentrated sperm are directly inserted into a woman’s uterus to increase the likelihood of fertilization. This procedure is typically performed around the time of ovulation, when the egg is most likely to be ready for fertilization. IUI is a relatively simple and minimally…
Description: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is a treatment designed to help women alleviate the symptoms of menopause by compensating for the declining hormone levels, particularly estrogen and progesterone. HRT is commonly used to relieve hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and other symptoms caused by the decrease in natural hormone production during menopause. There are…
Description: Gynecological endoscopy includes minimally invasive procedures such as laparoscopy and hysteroscopy, which are used for diagnosing and treating various gynecological conditions. These procedures allow doctors to visually examine the inside of the female reproductive system and perform necessary treatments without requiring a large abdominal incision. Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy offer less postoperative pain, shorter recovery…
Description: Genetic counseling is a process in which individuals and families are provided with information and guidance about genetic conditions and their implications. This service is offered by specially trained genetic counselors or doctors and includes assessing the risk of inheriting or passing on a genetic disease, interpreting genetic test results, and discussing possible preventive…
Description: Childbirth preparation and obstetric care encompass all measures and support provided to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the immediate postpartum period. Childbirth preparation classes and counseling aim to prepare expectant parents for birth by providing information on the birth process, pain relief methods, breathing techniques, and newborn care. Obstetric care refers to the medical…
Description: Fertility treatments such as In-vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) are advanced techniques used to assist couples with fertility issues. IVF involves fertilizing an egg with sperm outside the body in a laboratory, while ICSI is a specialized form of IVF where a single sperm is directly injected into an egg. Both…
Description: Contraception includes various methods to prevent pregnancy, ranging from hormonal options like the pill or injections to mechanical methods like condoms and intrauterine devices (IUDs). The choice of contraception depends on individual health needs, lifestyle, and personal preferences. Indications: Preventing unwanted pregnancies: For women and couples who do not wish to become pregnant. Regulating…
Description: Ectopic pregnancy treatment involves medical and surgical methods to address an ectopic pregnancy, where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in a fallopian tube. This type of pregnancy is not viable and poses significant health risks to the mother, including life-threatening bleeding. The treatment aims to safely terminate the ectopic pregnancy…
Description: Cervical cancer treatment, also known as cervical carcinoma, depends on the stage of cancer, its spread, and the patient’s overall health. Treatment options include surgical procedures, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these methods. The goal of treatment is to completely remove or destroy the cancer while maintaining the patient’s quality of life.…
Description: Breast cancer screening and treatment involve measures for the early detection, diagnosis, and therapy of breast cancer. Screening aims to detect breast cancer at an early stage when the chances of cure are highest. Treatment depends on the stage and type of breast cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health, and may include…
Description: The treatment of endometriosis aims to relieve pain, control the growth of endometrial tissue, and improve fertility. Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, causing inflammation, pain, and potentially infertility. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, the patient’s age, the desire for…
Description: The treatment of ovarian cysts depends on the type, size, and symptoms of the cysts, as well as the patient’s age and overall health. Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form on the ovaries and are often harmless. Many cysts resolve on their own without treatment, but some can cause pain or complications such…
Description: The evaluation and treatment of infertility involve a range of diagnostic tests and therapies to identify and address the causes of infertility in couples who have difficulty conceiving. Infertility can affect both men and women and may have various causes, including hormonal imbalances, structural problems, or genetic factors. Treatment options vary depending on the…
Obstetrics and Gynecology in Turkey Obstetrics and gynecology in Turkey play an important role in the country’s healthcare system. Turkey has state-of-the-art medical facilities, qualified professionals and a variety of treatment options for women at all stages of life, from adolescence to adulthood and beyond. Genital aesthetics Genital aesthetics refers to medical procedures…
